《植物生理学报》 2023, 59(2): 292-302

植物花朵开闭的调控机制

张姣姣，行凯鑫，赵顺宇，刘慧，郑博文，任鸿雁^*

陕西师范大学生命科学学院, 西安710119

通信作者：任鸿雁；E-mail: hong@snnu.edu.cn

摘　要：

花是被子植物的生殖器官, 开花控制对农作物及观赏植物的生产具有重要意义。被子植物花的开放方式多种多样, 花开放所需的时间长短也不同。花朵的开放和闭合伴随细胞的扩增、伸长、细胞渗透压的改变等多种生理过程, 受到光照、温度、水分、植物激素等多种因素的调节。本文从花开放的具体生理过程、授粉的影响及环境因素等多个方面对花朵开闭运动的调控机制进行综述, 旨在为植物学研究工作提供参考依据。

关键词：花朵开放; 激素调控; 渗透压; 周期节律; 差异生长

收稿：2022-08-04   修定：2022-11-28

资助：国家自然科学基金(31300193)、陕西省自然科学基金(2018JQ3070和2023-JC-YB-181)和中央高校基本科研业务费(GK202103070)。

Mechanism of plant flower opening and closing

ZHANG Jiaojiao, XING Kaixin, ZHAO Shunyu, LIU Hui, ZHENG Bowen, REN Hongyan^*

College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China

Corresponding author: REN Hongyan; E-mail: hong@snnu.edu.cn

Abstract:

Flowers are the reproductive organs of angiosperms, and flowering control is of great significance to the production of crops and ornamental plants. Flowers open in a variety of ways, the time required for flowers to open is also varies. The opening and closing of flowers are accompanied by a variety of physiological processes, such as cell expansion, elongation and changes in cell osmotic pressure, which are regulated by light, temperature, water, phytohormones and other factors. This paper reviews the flowering regulation mechanism from the aspects of physiological process, pollination effect and environmental factors, and provides a theoretical basis for further research on flowering regulation mechanism.

Key words: flower opening; phytohormonal regulation; osmotic pressure; periodic rhythm; differential growth